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dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Thaís Alves-
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-24T13:03:22Z-
dc.date.available2026-08-24T13:03:22Z-
dc.date.issued2024-04-19-
dc.identifier.citationFERNANDES, Thaís Alves. Diversidade genética e epidemiologia de Theileria equi e Babesia caballi em cavalos carroceiros no Distrito Federal, Brasil. 2023. 80 f. Tese (Doutor em Ciências Veterinárias) - Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2023.pt_BR
dc.identifier.urihttp://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/26156-
dc.description.abstractA Piroplasmose Equina (PE) é uma doença de notificação obrigatória de acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde Animal (WHOA/OIE). Causada por três espécies de protozoários: Babesia caballi, Theileria equi e Theileria haneyi, a EP é altamente endêmica em regiões tropicais e subtropicais, com prevalências variadas relatadas em todas as regiões do Brasil. Para tanto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi identificar a prevalência e a distribuição espacial, as características epidemiológicas e genótipos circulantes de PE no Distrito Federal, Brasil. Um estudo epidemiológico transversal, foi realizado para avaliar as possíveis características ambientais e do hospedeiro associadas a presença do DNA dos parasitos. Dados epidemiológicos e amostras de sangue total foram coletadas de 409 cavalos carroceiros no Distrito Federal. O DNA extraído dessas amostras de sangue foi submetido à análise de qPCR de 18S rDNA para detecção de T. equi e B. caballi, seguida de tabulação e análise estatística empregando os testes do Qui-quadrado e regressão logística. A análise espacial foi realizada utilizando o software GIS (QGIS v2.5.17 - Las Palmas) e a base cartográfica da área em estudo foi obtida em formato shapefile do banco de dados eletrônico do Sistema Distrital de Informações Ambientais (SISDIA, 2022), mantendo suas coordenadas em graus no Sistema Geocêntrico de Referência para as Américas (SIRGAS 2000). Para realização da caracterização molecular, amostras positivas para T. equi foram submetidas a PCR convencional para a amplificação do gene 18S rRNA (~1600 pb), sequenciadas pelo método de Sanger e submetidas a análise filogenética bayesiana. Os resultados revelaram uma alta prevalência de T. equi e/ou B. caballi (56,23%) entre os cavalos amostrados, bem como a ampla distribuição em todo território avaliado, com os genótipos A e C de T. equi identificados. O mapa de Kernel indicou áreas de calor com elevada concentração de 9 ou mais animais positivos por área para T. equi, com regiões mais frias variando de 4 a 7 animais positivos. Enquanto para B. caballi, o mapa de Kernel indicou áreas de calor com concentração de 2 ou mais animais positivos por área. O estudo examinou fatores associados à infecção, identificando animais com mais de cinco anos (p-valor = 0,004; RC = 1,71, IC = 1,01 - 2,87) e status sanitário (p-valor = 0,049; RC = 1,91, IC = 1,003 - 3,64) como significativamente associados à positividade para T. equi e/ou B. caballi. Este estudo revela uma alta prevalência de T. equi e/ou B. caballi em cavalos de tração no Distrito Federal, centro-oeste do Brasil, destacando a importância da condição de saúde e idade como fatores associados à infecção. A análise filogenética demonstrou ainda a presença dos genótipos A e C de T. equi na região, contribuindo para nossa compreensão da epidemiologia da EP. Esses achados aprofundam nossa compreensão da necessidade de medidas contínuas de vigilância e controle para gerenciar efetivamente a EP.pt_BR
dc.description.sponsorshipCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESpt_BR
dc.languageporpt_BR
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropt_BR
dc.subjectPCR em tempo realpt_BR
dc.subjectanálise filogenéticapt_BR
dc.subjectanálise espacialpt_BR
dc.subjectqPCR analysispt_BR
dc.subjectphylogenetic analysispt_BR
dc.subjectspatial analysispt_BR
dc.titleDiversidade genética e epidemiologia de Theileria equi e Babesia caballi em cavalos carroceiros no Distrito Federal, Brasilpt_BR
dc.title.alternativeGenetic diversity and epidemiology of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in draft horses in the Distrito Federal, Brazilen
dc.typeTesept_BR
dc.description.abstractOtherEquine Piroplasmosis (EP) is a mandatory notifiable disease according to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Caused by three species of protozoa: Babesia caballi, Theileria equi, and Theileria haneyi, EP is highly endemic in tropical and subtropical regions, with varying prevalences reported across all regions of Brazil. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and spatial distribution, epidemiological characteristics, and circulating genotypes of EP in the Federal District, Brazil. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted to assess possible environmental and host characteristics associated with the presence of parasite DNA. Epidemiological data and whole blood samples were collected from 409 draft horses in the Federal District. The DNA extracted from these blood samples underwent qPCR analysis of 18S rDNA for the detection of T. equi and B. caballi, followed by tabulation and statistical analysis employing Chi-square tests and logistic regression. Spatial analysis was performed using GIS software (QGIS v2.5.17 - Las Palmas), and the cartographic base of the study area was obtained in shapefile format from the electronic database of the District Environmental Information System (SISDIA, 2022), maintaining its coordinates in degrees in the Geocentric Reference System for the Americas (SIRGAS 2000). For molecular characterization, T. equi positive samples were subjected to conventional PCR for amplification of the 18S rRNA gene (~1600 bp), sequenced by the Sanger method, and subjected to Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. The results revealed a high prevalence of T. equi and/or B. caballi (56.23%) among the sampled horses, as well as widespread distribution throughout the evaluated territory, with genotypes A and C of T. equi identified. The Kernel map indicated heat areas with a high concentration of 9 or more positive animals per area for T. equi, with cooler regions ranging from 4 to 7 positive animals. For B. caballi, the Kernel map indicated heat areas with a concentration of 2 or more positive animals per area. The study examined factors associated with infection, identifying animals over five years of age (p-value = 0.004; OR = 1.71, CI = 1.01 - 2.87) and health status (p-value = 0.049; OR = 1.91, CI = 1.003 - 3.64) as significantly associated with positivity for T. equi and/or B. caballi. This study reveals a high prevalence of T. equi and/or B. caballi in draft horses in the Federal District, central-west Brazil, highlighting the importance of health condition and age as factors associated with infection. Phylogenetic analysis also demonstrated the presence of genotypes A and C of T. equi in the region, contributing to our understanding of EP epidemiology. These findings deepen our understanding of the need for continuous surveillance and control measures to effectively management of EP.en
dc.contributor.advisor1Santos, Huarrisson Azevedo-
dc.contributor.advisor1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-3626pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3751609492049306pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Paulino, Patrícia Gonzaga-
dc.contributor.advisor-co1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9326-7609pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5946161927068059pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Peixoto, Maristela Peckle-
dc.contributor.advisor-co2IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4208-1430pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8817867478588076pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Baldani, Cristiane Divan-
dc.contributor.referee1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4627-1362pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6210245465538447pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Santos, Huarrisson Azevedo-
dc.contributor.referee2IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-3626pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3751609492049306pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee3Raimundo, Juliana Macedo-
dc.contributor.referee3IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7960-7475pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee3Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5682486010061690pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee4Cunha, Nathalie Costa da-
dc.contributor.referee4IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0582-5098pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee4Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2041676980432035pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee5Perinotto, Wendell Marcelo de Souza-
dc.contributor.referee5IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8712-7850pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee5Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1812730341180904pt_BR
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2673941795328372pt_BR
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpt_BR
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Veterináriapt_BR
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpt_BR
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterináriaspt_BR
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