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| Campo DC | Valor | Idioma |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | Olivares, Fabio Lopes | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-08-05T15:57:17Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2026-08-05T15:57:17Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 1997-06-12 | - |
| dc.identifier.citation | OLIVARES, Fabio Lopes. Toxonomia, ecologia e mecanismos envolvidos na infecção e colonização de plantas de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum sp. hibrido) por bactérias diazotróficas endofíticas do gênero Herbaspirillum. 1997. 353 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia - Ciências do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 1997. | pt_BR |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/25946 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | O gênero Herbaspirillum foi descrito como um grupo de bactérias diazotróficas associado às raízes de gramíneas, possuindo uma única espécie, Herbaspirillum seropedicae. Através da hibridização de RNA e DNA, foi proposta a reclassificação de “Pseudomonas” rubrisubalbicans, agente causal da estria mosqueada da cana-de-açúcar, como Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans. Na primeira parte deste trabalho foram conduzidos testes comparativos entre H. rubrisubalbicans e H. seropedicae. Dentre as características testadas, as espécies diferenciaram-se entre si pelo uso das fontes de carbono meso-eritritol e N-acetilglucosamina, quanto a temperatura ótima de crescimento, padrão de flagelos e quanto a indução de estrias mosqueadas em cana-de-açúcar var.B- 4362. Sondas de oligonucleotídeos espécie-específicas demonstraram uma correspondência total com os resultados dos testes de uso do meso-eritritol e N- acetilglucosamina na discriminação das espécies Herbaspirillum. Além disso, soros policlonais produzidos e a análise do polimorfismo de bandas geradas por Inter-LINE PCR mostraram-se como ferramentas adicionais na distinção de isolados ao nível de espécie. Na segunda parte deste trabalho foram avaliados aspectos da ecologia da bactéria. Foi observado que H. seropedicae ocorre naturalmente em raízes, colmos e folhas de diversas espécies de plantas, predominantemente membros da família das gramíneas. Já H. rubrisubalbicans foi isolada apenas de cana-de-açúcar e raízes de uma gramínea invasora (Digitaria insularis). Herbaspirillum não foi isolado de nove espécies de plantas distribuídas xxi em sete famílias, bem como de 10 amostras de solo não vegetado. A sobrevivência de Herbaspinllum spp. no solo foi baixa, atingindo números não detectáveis entre 3 a 4 semanas. A introdução da planta hospedeira elevou a persistência da bactéria no sistema solo-planta. Ademais, foi possível reisolar a bactéria após a introdução de sementes de sorgo em solo cuja população havia atingido números não detectáveis por mais de 6 semanas. Em experimentos de inoculação, demonstrou-se que a população de Herbaspirillum spp. no interior das raízes de plantas micropropagadas de cana-de-açúcar caiu muito pouco, estabilizando-se em torno de 104 células. g-’ de raízes, enquanto que na parte aérea flutuações maiores foram observadas. Efeitos deletérios significativos (a = 5%) na acumulação de matéria fresca de raízes e da parte aérea de plantas de cana-de-açúcar foram observados no tratamento nitrogenado, aos 12 e 24 d.a.i.. A partir de 64 d.a.i., o tratamento com nitrogênio aumentou significativamente (a = 5%) o acúmulo de matéria seca. Acúmulos significativos (a = 5%) de matéria fresca da parte aérea foram obtidos aos 24 d.a.i. com H. seropedicae estirpes Z67 e HRC54 comparadas ao controle e a testemunha nitrogenada. Na terceira parte do trabalho, a infecção e colonização de plântulas de cana-de-açúcar por Herbaspirillum foram investigados utilizando técnicas de microscopia. Demonstrou-se que 1 d.a.i., as bactérias encontravam-se aderidas a superfície das raízes por meio de ataque apolar em monocamada. Herbaspirillum infectou às raízes nas zonas de emergência de raízes laterais e regiões de ruptura de células da epiderme. A colonização do interior das raízes ocorreu pela multiplicação das bactérias nos espaços intercelulares das células do córtex. A colonização do interior do córtex foi seguida pela infecção do cilindro central, que ocorreu principalmente próxima as regiões de emissão de raízes laterais. No tecido vascular, Herbaspirillum colonizou os meatos celulares e o interior das células de parênquima vascular, invadindo os vasos do xilema. A aplicação da técnica de imuno-ouro, utilizando anticorpos policlonais contra Herbaspirillum spp. confirmaram a identidade das bactérias observadas ao microscópio. No quarto capítulo, avaliou-se a reação de duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar contrastantes quanto a sensibilidade a estria mosqueada, a inoculação com diferentes estirpes xxii de H. seropedicae e H. rubrisubalbicans, bem como a reação de sorgo. Embora todas as estirpes de Herbaspirillum tenham sido reisoladas próximas ao ponto de inoculação, apenas estirpes de H. rubrisubalbicans incitaram sintomas típicos da doença em sorgo e cana. H. seropedicae não incitou sintomas em nenhuma das plantas, induzindo uma resposta hipersensível em ambas variedades de cana-de- açúcar testadas. Observações ao microscópio revelaram um padrão bem distinto de colonização da planta que foi função da espécie de Herbaspirillum, da espécie de planta e do genótipo utilizado. No caso da var. B-4362 (susceptivel), H. rubrisubalbicans colonizou e obstruiu o Iúmem dos vasos do xilema. Em adição, invadiu e multiplicou-se nos espaços intercelulares das células do mesófilo. Diferente da var. SP 70-1143, onde H. rubtisubalbicans mesmo colonizando os vasos do xilema, formou dentro dos mesmos microcolônias em intima associação com a parede secundária, jamais obstruindo o Iúmem do vaso. O mesófilo da var. SP 70-1143 foi menos extensivamente colonizado, com menor densidade de bactérias e maior síntese e deposição de gomas, comparado com a var. B-4362. Imunomarcação comparativa de H. rubrisubalbicans colonizando as duas variedades de cana sugeriu que no caso da interação com a variedade B-4362, H. rubrisubalbicans produziu maior quantidade de exopolisacarídeos (EPS).Esta maior produção pode estar envolvida com o estabelecimento da interação enferma. Com relação a plantas de sorgo, H. rubrisubalbicans permaneceu confinado ao interior dos vasos do protoxilema e do metaxilema. A densidade de colonização do vaso refletiu na maior ou menor expressão de sintomas com as bactérias colonizando completamente o Iumem dos vasos em algumas regiões mais avançadas da doença e havendo grande síntese de gomas e formação de microcolônias encapsuladas em regiões de transição entre tecido com e sem sintomas. H. seropedicae embora presente em intima associação com os vasos, parece não ter eliciado nenhuma resposta de defesa na planta. | pt_BR |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq | pt_BR |
| dc.language | por | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Herbaspirillum | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Cana-de-açúcar | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Colonização Endofítica | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Sugarcane | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Endophytic Colonization | pt_BR |
| dc.title | Toxonomia, ecologia e mecanismos envolvidos na infecção e colonização de plantas de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum sp. hibrido) por bactérias diazotróficas endofíticas do gênero Herbaspirillum | pt_BR |
| dc.title.alternative | Taxonomy, ecology, and mechanisms involved in the infection and colonization of sugarcane plants (Saccharum spp. hybrid) by endophytic diazotrophic bacteria of the genus Herbaspirillum | en |
| dc.type | Tese | pt_BR |
| dc.description.abstractOther | The genus Herbaspirillum was originally described as a group of diazotrophic bacteria associated with gramineous roots, with only one specie, Herbaspirillum seropedicae. Bacterial taxonomists working in Belgium based on results from computer-assisted auxanographic tests and DNA/rRNA hybridisation established a very closed taxonomic relationship between the nitrogen fixing bacteria, Herbaspirillum seropedicae and a mild pathogen of sugar cane called "Pseudomonas” rubrisubalbicans. After further analyses, including DNA:DNA hybridisatio n, "P". rubrisubalbicans has been proposed to be renamed Herbaspirihm rubrisubalbicans. The first part of this thesis was a comparative study to establish phenotypic and genotypic differences between strains of H. seropedicae and H. rubrisuba/bicans As shown genotypically, H. rubrisubalbicans has phenotypic characteristics very similar to H. seropedicae. They differ only in the utilisation (as sole carbon source) of meso-erytritol and N-acetylglucosamine, optimum growth temperature, flagella pattern and induction of mottled stripe disease symptoms on the sugar cane variety B-4362 after artificial inoculation. Oligonucleotide probes based on partial sequences of the 23S rRNA of H. seropedicae and H. rubrisubalbicans were used as diagnostic probes, showing identical results for the carbon sources. Interspersed repetitive sequences used as oligonucleotide primer for polymerase chain reaction to generate genomic polymorphism (Inter-LINE PCR) was applied in some Herbaspirillum strains and the DNA fingerprint pattern was strain-specific. In addition, polyclonal antibodies specific to both species were tested in ELISA assays against a large number of Herbaspirillum strains. In chapter 2 the results are presented of ecological studies on Herbaspirillum. The bacteria have been isolated from roots, stems and leaves of a large number of samples of more than 10 different species of the Gramineae family, but only exceptionally from other plants. H. rubrisubalbicans occurs in sugarcane and seems to be restricted to this crop. Inoculation of strains from both species into soil in high numbers resulted in a rapid decline in their numbers. In 3 to 4 weeks the population of Herbaspirillum spp. in soil decreased below detection limits. When sorghum was sown in soil inoculated with both Herbaspirillum spp. the bacteria were detected for a much longer period. When sorghum was planted in this soil, 8 weeks after no detection of the bacteria into the soil, the bacteria reappeared and multiplied within the plant tissues. The survival of Herbaspirillum spp. in inoculated micropropagated sugarcane plants was evaluated and all the Herbaspirillum strains were maintained stable in the sugarcane roots in numbers around 1 04to 106 cells per g of root , 106 days after inoculation. In contrast, a wide range of the population numbers of Herbaspirillum spp. in the aerial part,with numbers around lO* to 1 O3 at the end of the experiment (136 d.a.i.) In the same experiment, Herbaspirilium spp. inoculation caused a significant positive increase of the fresh weight of aerial parts in comparison to uninoculated controls at 24 d.a.i., while nitrogen caused a deleterious effect on roots and aerial parts at 12 and 24 d.a.i. In chapter 3, root infection end endophytic establishment in sugar cane plantlets were investigated in a monoxenic system. All the Herbaspirillum strains attached to the root surface one d.a.i., randomly over the entire surface, predominantly by apolar attachment in monolayer. Successful endophytic infection of sugar cane roots by Herbaspirillum spp. involves the attachment to the plant surface, proliferation of the bacteria mainly at the origin of secondary roots or wound sites, followed by penetration and spreading of the bacteria through the intercellular air space and vascular bundles with subsequent colonisation and establishment of the aerial part, probably into the xylem vessels. Immunogold- labelled root sections confirmed the presence of the inoculated bacteria. In chapter 4, leaves of a mottled stripe disease-susceptible var. B-4362 and of a mottled xxv stripe disease resistant var. SP 70-1143 of sugar cane were inoculated with H. rubrisubalbicans or H. seropedicae to compare plant reaction. H. seropedicae eliciated a hypersensitive response in leaves of both cultivars. In contrast, H. rubrisubalbicans produced mottled stripe disease symptoms on the leaves of var. B-4362. Microscopic studies showed that the xylem-conducting elements of leaves were filled with bacteria and a gum, which stained blue-green with toluidine blue. Leaves of var. SP 70-1143 developed no typical symptoms and the infected xylem vessels were never seen to be completely full of bacteria, but were encapsulated in bacterial colonies surrounded by blue-green material. In var.B- 4362, bacteria were abundant in the intercellular spaces of mesophyll adjacent to infected xylem, and also filled sub-stomatal cavities. Immunogold labelling using polyclonal antisera raised against H. rubrisubalbicans gave a weak signal with the bacteria in var. SP 70-1143, in contrast to the bacteria in var. B-4362, which reacted strongly with the antibody. Immunogold labelling using antibodies against nitrogenase component II showed that nitrogenase was expressed by bacteria in the early stages of infection of var. B-4362, but not in later stages nor by bacteria infecting var. SP 70-1143. Leaves of Sorghum bicolor were also examined after inoculation with Herbaspirillum spp.. H. rubtisubalbicans induced symptoms of red stripe disease and infected leaves showed dense colonisation by the bacteria within the vascular system, in particular, the protoxylem and associated lacunae, with some the later expressing nitrogenase. The bacteria were recognised using H. rubrisuba/bicans-specifïc antibodies and immunogold labelling, At the edges of visible disease symptoms, plant gums filled the xylem; bacteria had formed distinct colonies within these gums, with some of the colonies associated with the xylem walls. Plants inoculated with H. seropedicae either did not express the disease or showed symptoms. Although, the bacteria were localised within xylem vessels, with the xylem vessels themselves remaining unocluded and largely free of gums. | en |
| dc.contributor.advisor1 | Dobereiner, Johanna | - |
| dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/9138368383924203 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee1 | Dobereiner, Johanna | - |
| dc.contributor.referee1Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/9138368383924203 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee2 | Baldani, José Ivo | - |
| dc.contributor.referee2ID | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5363-7123 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee2Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/8391182235603982 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee3 | Boddey, Robert Michael | - |
| dc.contributor.referee3ID | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3648-9859 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee3Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/0277415539607307 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee4 | Hemerly, Adriana Silva | - |
| dc.contributor.referee4Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/3692327022703488 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee5 | Ribeiro, Raul de Lucena Duarte | - |
| dc.contributor.referee5Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/8137954578668072 | pt_BR |
| dc.creator.ID | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6541-0324 | pt_BR |
| dc.creator.Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/3555567955507382 | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.country | Brasil | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.department | Instituto de Agronomia | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.initials | UFRRJ | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.program | Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Ciência do Solo | pt_BR |
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| dc.subject.cnpq | Agronomia | pt_BR |
| dc.subject.cnpq | Agronomia | pt_BR |
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